Borobudur

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• Borobudur

  Borobudur (auch Borobodur) ist die größte buddhistische Tempelanlage der Welt. Die kolossale Pyramide befindet sich in Magelang, rund 25 Kilometer nordwestlich von Yogyakarta auf der Insel Java in Indonesien. Der Borobudur wurde 1991 von der UNESCO als Weltkulturerbe anerkannt. Er gilt als das bedeutendste Bauwerk des Mahayana-Buddhismus auf Java. Gebaut wurde der Stupa vermutlich zwischen 750 und 850 während der Herrschaft der Sailendra-Dynastie. Als sich das Machtzentrum Javas im 10. und 11. Jahrhundert nach Osten verlagerte (vielleicht auch in Verbindung mit dem Ausbruch des Merapi 1006), geriet die Anlage in Vergessenheit und wurde von vulkanischer Asche und wuchernder Vegetation begraben. 1814 wurde sie wiederentdeckt; im Jahr 1835 brachten Europäer sie wieder ans Tageslicht. Ein Restaurierungsprogramm von 1973 bis 1983 brachte große Teile der Anlage wieder zu früherem Glanz. Insgesamt neun Stockwerke türmen sich auf der quadratischen Basis von 123 Metern Länge. An den Wänden der vier sich stufenartig verjüngenden Galerien befinden sich Flachreliefs in der Gesamtlänge von über fünf Kilometern, welche das Leben und Wirken Buddhas beschreiben. Darüber liegen drei sich konzentrisch verjüngende Terrassen mit insgesamt 76 Stupas, welche den Hauptstupa von fast 11 Meter Durchmesser umrahmen. Der Bau wurde 2011 bis 2017 mit Finanz- und Sachhilfe der Bundesrepublik Deutschland restauriert.

• Gereja Ayam

  Die im Volksmund so genannte Gereja Ayam ist ein interreligiöses Gebetshaus beziehungsweise Kirchengebäude in der Nähe der indonesischen Stadt Magelang in der Provinz Zentraljava (indonesisch Jawa Tengah) auf der Insel Java. Das ungewöhnliche Gebäude ist in seiner Form einer Taube nachempfunden. Viele Besucher meinen aber, die Kirche gleiche mehr einer am Boden hockenden Henne, weswegen sie ihren Namen trägt, der zu Deutsch „Hühnchenkirche“ bedeutet. Unter diesem Namen kursieren Bilder der Kirche auch im Internet.

• Candi Ngawen

  Candi Ngawen (javanisch: Candhi Ngawèn) ist ein buddhistischer Tempelkomplex aus dem 8.–10. Jahrhundert in der Regentschaft Magelang auf Java. Der Komplex zählt zu den wichtigsten kleineren Sakralanlagen Zentraljavas und steht in engem Zusammenhang mit den nahegelegenen buddhistischen Tempeln Mendut, Pawon und Borobudur.

• Borobudur Temple Compounds

  Borobudur Temple Compounds is the World Heritage designation of the area of three Buddhist temples in Central Java, Indonesia. It comprises Borobudur, Mendut, and Pawon. The temples were built during the Shailendra dynasty around the 8th and 9th centuries CE and fall on a straight line. Approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Yogyakarta, Borobudur sits on a plateau between two twin volcanoes, Sundoro-Sumbing and Merbabu-Merapi, and two rivers, the Progo and the Elo. According to local myth, the area known as Kedu Plain is a Javanese sacred place and has been dubbed 'the garden of Java' due to its high agricultural fertility.

• Lake Borobudur

  Lake Borobudur is an ancient lake that has been suggested once existed surrounding Borobudur Buddhist monument in Kedu Plain, Central Java, Indonesia. Unlike other temples, which were built on a flat surface, Borobudur was built on a bedrock hill, 265 m (869 ft) above sea level and 15 m (49 ft) above the floor of the dried-out paleolake. The lake's existence had been the subject of intense discussion among archaeologists in the 20th century; Borobudur was thought to have been built on a lake shore or even surrounded by a lake.

• Kedu Plain

  Kedu Plain, also known as Progo River Valley, is the fertile volcanic plain that lies between the volcanoes Mount Sumbing and Mount Sundoro to the west, and Mount Merbabu and Mount Merapi to the east. It roughly corresponds to the present-day Magelang and Temanggung Regency of Central Java, Indonesia. Its northern border is limited by the hills of Kendal and Mount Ungaran. The plain also borders the Menoreh Hills in the southwest and Prambanan Plain in the southeast. The Progo River runs through the center of this plain, from its source on the slope of Mount Sundoro to the southern coast of Java facing the Indian Ocean. It has been a significant location in Central Javanese history for over a millennium, as it contains traces of the Sailendra dynasty as well as Borobudur and associated locations. During the colonial Dutch East Indies period, the Kedu Plain was located in the Kedu Residency, which at that time covered what are now the Magelang Regency, Magelang City, and Temanggung Regency administrative units. When Britain briefly took control of the region in 1811, Magelang became the seat of government. After the Napoleonic wars had ended, the English returned Java back over to the Dutch in 1816 and Magelang continued to play a central role in the Dutch East Indies. There is a small hill near Magelang called Mount Tidar that is referred to as the Nail of Java. According to Javanese legend, the gods placed the nail to prevent the island of Java from sinking into the sea from tremors. The Kedu Plain gave birth to Wayang Kulit Kedu, a distinctive style of Javanese shadow theatre.

• Suroloyo Peak

  Suroloyo Peak is one of the peaks of Menoreh Mountains on the island of Java, Indonesia.

• Ngawen

  Ngawen (known locally as Candi Ngawen) is an 8th-century Buddhist temple compound in Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Located in Ngawen village, Muntilan sub-district, 6 km (3.7 mi) to the east of Mendut temple or 5 km (3.1 mi) to the south of Muntilan town center. Ngawen temple compound consists of five temples, however, today only one is successfully reconstructed. Ngawen is thought to be connected with the other three Buddhist temples nearby — Mendut, Pawon, and Borobudur — all of which were built during the Sailendra dynasty (8th–9th centuries). According to the satellite map observation, the four temples; Borobudur, Pawon, Mendut and Ngawen are actually forming a straight line spanning west to east slightly tilted northeast with eastern end pointing to the peak of Mount Merapi. From the detail and style of its carving, this temple is estimated to be slightly older than Borobudur. The temple is notable for its exquisite statues of rampant lions on each corners of the temples. Since its discovery in 1874, the temple has suffered looting and artifact theft.

• Mount Andong

  Moung Andong (Indonesian: Gunung Andong) is a mountain in Magelang Regency, Central Java in Indonesia. Andong mountain is located between Ngablak and Tlogorjo, Grabag and has an altitude of around 1,463 meters. Andong Mountain is one of several mountains that encircle Magelang, adjacent to Mount Telomoyo. The mountain is on the border of the Salatiga, Semarang and Magelang regions. Mount Andong has four peaks, namely Tomb, Soul, Andong, and Alap-alap which stretches from west to east. The highest peak is the Andong Peak.